This page will give you information about surgery for an anal fistula. If you have any questions, you should ask your GP or other relevant health professional.
What Does the Anal Fistula Surgery Involve?
The operation is usually performed under a general anaesthetic and usually takes 15 to 30 minutes.
To lessen the risk of bowel incontinence (when you pass a bowel movement without wanting to) your treatment may involve several operations over a number of months.
The type of anal fistula surgery you need will depend on where the fistula is (see figure 1).
- If the fistula is below or crosses the lower part of the sphincter muscles, your surgeon will cut the fistula open to your skin and leave the wound open so that it can heal with healthy tissue.
- If the fistula has branches that pass through the upper part of the sphincter muscles, your surgeon may place a special stitch (called a seton stitch) in the fistula to allow pus to drain easily.
- The fistula may be suitable for treatment with a plug made from pig-bowel tissue. Your surgeon will not need to make a cut in the sphincter muscle.
- If the fistula reaches above your sphincter muscles, you may need to have a temporary colostomy (your large bowel opening onto your skin). However, this is not common.
Following Surgery
How Soon Will I Recover From Anal Fistula Surgery?
You should be able to go home the same day or the day after.
Rest for a few days, walking as little as possible, to help your wound to heal. The wound often takes several weeks to heal completely and you may need to wear a pad until then.
Regular exercise should help you to return to normal activities as soon as possible. Before you start exercising, ask the healthcare team or your GP for advice.
For a small number of people, the anal fistula can come back.
Consultants and Clinic Times
